The storm that the Writers
Guild of America strike could have been has mercifully
passed by - at least for now. Although there had been
rumors of scripts being rushed into production before
the presumed strike, one wonders whether these films
will be any worse than what we are already seeing
- witness THE MUMMY RETURNS and PEARL HARBOR.
Also gone, for now, are the
hopes of non-WGA members that somehow, their scripts
would get read by producers hungry for film projects.
I read a lot of these. (Masochism
seems to come with the turf for anyone interested
in independent film production.)
But now that there is a return
to the normal process of screenwriting and there is
the anticipated start of another Nantucket Film Festival
- the one that is dedicated to the art of screenwriting,
I thought I would share some random thoughts about
the screenwriting process.
There are several things one
ought to keep in mind when considering writing a screenplay.
l. Attend screenwriting groups.
Film is a collaborative medium, and screenwriting
requires the ability to collaborate, compromise and
communicate. One way for the communication process
to start is to sign up for one of the many programs
that not only teach the art of the screenplay but
also gives one experience in the development process.
Groups like the Grub Street Writers and the Harvard
Square Scriptwriters emphasize the latter while adult
education programs, like those as BF/VF and Boston
Adult Ed emphasize the former. Any program can expose
you to enough for you to decide whether you want to
pursue this mad endeavor in the first place.
2. Define your audience. Actually
there are two audiences: those that would spend their
money and time to see the story you would have put
on the screen, and those who would read your script
in the process of helping your story reach that audience.
Both are important. To reach the latter audience,
you need to have a clear understanding of the former.
Remember, writing a script is, as much about understanding
the kinds of story people want to see as it is about
the story you want to tell. So, be clear in understanding
and communicating what kind of film this would be-big
budget or small budget? what type or genre? for theatrical,
festival or video? etc. And, because one is supposed
to write about what one knows, many of the scripts
have highly autobiographical elements. Face it, it
is possible that no one wants to spend two hours in
the dark with you.
3. Use approved format. There
are computer software programs and books for this, and
certainly format would be covered by one of the groups
or courses. This is important. It is often true that
a script that is a good read is not necessarily a good
screenplay. If you want your script to be taken seriously,
you have to be careful in the way you present it, including
not just narrative descriptions and the introduction
of characters but in terms of pagination and binding.
Foremost, camera directions should be left out. Remember,
it is up to the director, with his cinematographer,
to decide how your story is to be filmed. Occasionally,
I read a script filled with camera directions and interpretive
narration. One such script was Brad Anderson's SESSION
9. It was almost poetic. But he knew which cinematographer
he would work with and that he would direct and edit
it. He also had a track record and could approach sources
of financing. But going that route with your script
sends a signal to any reader that you plan to be closely
involved in the development of the film, and that message
has long reaching implications. Finally, make sure to
use spell and grammar checks (I should follow some of
my own advice). Too often I feel like I'm reading a
submission for Freshman Comp than reading a serious
script. Spelling and grammar mistakes only serve to
distract from the real work of a reader, which is to
get at the story and structure of your script.
| |
"Actually
there are two audiences: those that would spend
their money and time to see the story you would
have put on the screen, and those who would read
your script in the process of helping your story
reach that audience. Both are important." |
4. Be prepared to listen and
rewrite. This has two parts: selection and evaluation.
In selecting people to read, make sure these are people
you trust to give you honest feedback. Friends and
family, attuned to your anxieties, tend to be overly
supportive. Besides they may not be experienced in
reading screenplays. As I said earlier, a good read
is not necessarily a good screenplay. Give it to people
who are experienced in reading scripts. At this stage,
don't give it to too many industry people. First,
it is probably premature. You don't want your script
to have the perception that it's been around for awhile.
Second, some of them might have the impression that
you might even have access to the means to get the
film produced and give you favorable feedback in the
hopes of getting a job in the production
Once you've selected people
to read, listen and take notes before you comment.
When someone I may not know well sends me a script,
I always try to test his or her willingness to rewrite.
If the writer is too defensive, it is a sign that
this is a potential client with whom it would be difficult
to work. That same person should be one of those reading
the revised draft, and perhaps be retained to help
you develop a strategy for getting the script realized.
Sometimes a script will have gone through several
drafts before it reaches me for comment, and it is
usually several drafts away from being shopped around.
Remember, what is called a "First Draft" is rarely
so.
5. Attend screenwriters' forum.
The Nantucket Film Festival is a good example, but
most valuable if you've gone through the above process.
In this most compact and picturesque of settings,
there is a large collection of people who have faced
the same problems you will have. There are speaking
forums, panel discussions, presentations, and of course,
numerous occasions to swap war stories. Because of
its small scale, it is possible not only to have conversations
with those in your league, but also those whose relative
success you would like to emulate. You may not get
your script sold or find your own producer, but you
will come away with a wealth of valuable information,
and have a good time in the process.
If you follow the above general
guidelines, you will understand why screenwriting
requires communication. Once the script is at the
point where it can be shopped around, you will understand
collaboration and compromise. This experience will
have prepared you for it. Happy writing. It doesn't
have to be lonely.
SOME THOUGHTS ON FILM FEST
NEW HAVEN
That the Connecticut filmmaking
scene is alive and well was certainly in evidence
at the 6th Annual Film Fest New Haven where a strong
collection of films produced in the state mixed with
quality films both nationally and internationally.
"Growth" was the operative word according to the Artistic
Director, the ever-energetic and shrewd programmer
Nina Adams, who still manages to put together the
best assortment of short films of any festival (and
that includes Sundance) in which l am not directly
involved. (I steal a lot of her ideas). This year's
Festival added a venue, and its parties were more
frequent and in better surroundings. Nina's gargantuan
responsibilities were shared by the addition of two
senior staff members. The opening night party at Yale
instead of the lobby of the York Square Cinema is
a case in point not only for the respect and support
the Festival has earned, but also for its growth.
It was certainly the most
festive of the New Haven festivals I've attended,
and I genuinely liked the mix of films. But with growth
comes the need for support. To hold its own amidst
the proliferation of regional film festivals, New
Haven's has no choice but to grow. That it is a quality
event that is filmmaker friendly, it cannot remain
static. The all-volunteer staff needs further corporate
support if it is to continue to provide this impressive
cultural event and motivate those who make it the
success it has become. There is no choice for Film
Fest New Haven but to grow.
R.I.P. GREG NARKUNAS
One of the great support people
during the past decade's growth in the region's film
and video production was Greg Narkunas, who died in
April. In fact, he was an important factor in contributing
to that growth working with Boston Camera Rental Company
since 1997 as their Vice President, Technical, and
before that, as rental manager of the Camera Department
at Boston Film Factory. His knowledge of cameras and
equipment and endless enthusiasm assisted legions
of industry professionals as well as emerging independent
filmmakers and students. He was a member of the International
Camera Guild I.A.T.S.E. Local 600 and a member of
The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers
(SMPTE). Greg also contributed to Imagine News Magazine.
Warm and generous-spirited, he will be greatly missed.